henri feyol 14 principles of management

Principles of Management set forth by Henri Fayol

Henri Feyol concentrated on top management. In his book “General and Industrial Management”, he said: Management plays a very important part in all undertakings, large or small, be it industrial, commercial, political, religious or any other.

As such, in every concern, there is a management function to be performed. The management functions and organizational functions are different. The management functions include planning, organizing, staffing, directing and controlling. Organizational functions include purchase, sales, production and accounting. There has to be a management function in every organizational function. He get huge recognition and appreciation for giving 14 principles, that must be followed by management to have effective work environment. that is discussed below.

Fayol's 14 principles

• Division of work: It helps to specialize in an activity which increases output with perfection.

• Authority and responsibility: Management is getting things done by others. A superior gives direction to his subordinates to perform the job. Then the supervisor may exercise his authority. Authority is closely connected with responsibility. Responsibility is essential to perform a job correctly. It is shouldered whenever authority is exercised.

• Discipline: It is essential in all levels of management people.

• Unity of command: Each subordinate is responsible to only one superior.

• Unity of direction: The manager is expected to look after all the activities of a group.

• Subordination of individual interest to group interest: In no way, the individual interest should dominate the group interest.

• Remuneration of personnel: Employees should be given fair and reliable remuneration.

• Centralization or decentralization of authority depends upon the personal character, morality, reliability of resourcefulness of the superior.

• Scalar chain: It is the chain of superiors ranging from the ultimate authority to the lowest ranks. The communication flows from top to bottom. If A is the superior and has three subordinates in the order B,C and D, the communication from A to D should be passed via C and B.

• Order: The principle of right place for everything and for everyone should be followed by management. The personnel are selected scientifically and assigned duties according to their qualifications and ability.

• Equity: It refers to combination of fairness, kindness and justice. It requires goodness and experience of managers and loyalty and devotion from subordinates.

• Stability of tenure of personnel: Security of job is an essential factor.

• Initiative: A manager should have conceiving and executing initiative. It has psychological effect on the subordinates. Managers should take decisions after getting suggestions from subordinates.

• Esprit de corps: All the employees of the organization are put together as a team in order to achieve the objectives of the organization. The management should not follow the policy of divide and rule.

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